NAV

Thursday, August 23, 2018

528TH PERSUASIVE APPEAL_23AUGUST18_TO THE SCP JUSTICIDES : EVERYBODY HAS TO COOPERATE INCLUDING YOU.





        





1
CERTIFICATE OF SEPARATION FROM LAST EMPLOYER COMPLAINT

















2. 

MY QUEST FOR SWINDLED 

RETIREMENT PAY BY SHELL




SWINDLING ITO, SYNDICATED ESTAFA



672counts

SEE BELOW FOR THE 672ND   TIME THE REITERATION OF DEMAND PAYMENT OF RETIREMENT PAY WHICH SHELL REFUSED TO HONOR IN THE PRESENCE AND DEEMED APPROVAL OF THE HONORABLE MAGISTRATES OF THE SUPREME COURT OF THE PHILIPPINES




Dishonest scales are an abomination to the Lord, but a just weight is His delight... Proverbs Chapter 11  v. 1
Retirement Pay Law circumvented by Shell subject to penal provision provided for by Article 288 of the Labor Code of the Philippines.




CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION DIRECTORS_REFERENCE





  CSC NCR - No. 25 Kaliraya St., Brgy. Doña Josefa, Quezon City 

 


Director IV JUDITH DONGALLO-CHICANO
chicano_judith@yahoo.com
Director III MARIA VICTORIA M. SALAZAR
Director III KATHERINE LIMARE-DELMORO

roncr@csc.gov.ph

cscncr2015@gmail.com


Tel. # 740-8412 / 749-0980 / 781-5864
          781-5886 / 741-6097   

  CSC NCR - Field Offices 


Director II Dick N. Echavez 
CSC Field Office - BIR
Rm. 210, BIR Bldg., Agham Road Diliman, Quezon City
Tel.# 929-5568 / 9297515
roncr.fo_bircoahor@csc.gov.ph

Director II Dick N. Echavez
CSC Field Office - COA
2/F COA Bldg., Commonwealth Avenue, Quezon City
roncr.fo_bircoahor@csc.gov.ph
Tel.# 932-7136


Director II Dick N. Echavez
CSC Field Office - HOR
Basement, South Wing, House of Representatives,
Constitution H8ills, Quezon City
roncr.fo_bircoahor@csc.gov.ph
Tel.# 932-6221

Director II Evelyn E. Viernes 
CSC Field Office - DPWH
Mezzanine Floor, DPWH Bldg., Bonifacio Drive,
Port Area, Manila
Tel.# 304-3292
Tel.# 304-3549
Fax.# 304-3331
roncr.fo_dpwh@csc.gov.ph

Director II May Antonette D. Arriola 
CSC Field Office - BSP
Rm. 605 EDPC Bldg., BSP Complex,
F. B. Harrison St., Roxas Blvd., Manila
Tel.# 708-7347
roncr.fo_bsp@csc.gov.ph
bsp_fo@yahoo.com

Acting Director II Imelda R. Banzon
CSC Field Office - DOST
4/F Philippine Textile Research Institute Building
PITRI Compound, Gen. Santos Avenue
Bicutan, Taguig City
Tel.# 837-2071 locs 2278/2279
roncr.fo_dost@csc.gov.ph

Director II Jocelyn Patrice L. Deco
CSC Field Office - DBP
4/F DBP Bldg., Gil Puyat Ave.
cor Makati Avenue, Makati City
roncr.fo_dbp@csc.gov.ph
Tel.# 818-9511 loc. 3404
Fax # 812-6371

Director II Jocelyn Patrice L. Deco
CSC Field Office - Makati
7/F Building 2, Makati City Hall,
Poblacion, Makati City
Tel.# 870-1794
roncr.fo_makati@csc.gov.ph

Director II Claudia A. Tan
CSC Field Office - Manila
Lions Drive, Arroceros St., Ermita, Manila
Tel.# 310-5289
roncr.fo_manila@csc.gov.ph

Director II Henry B. Peliño
CSC Field Office - DFA
3/F DFA Bldg., Roxas Blvd., Pasay City
Tel.# 834-3381/834-4809
Fax # 834-4455
roncr.fo_dfa@csc.gov.ph

Director II Laura D. Mangorangca
CSC Field Office - TESDA
Building 7 TESDA Complex East Service
Road South Super Highway, Taguig City

Director II Laura D. Mangorangca
Duty Free Philippines Corporation
Duty Free Phils., 3/F EHA Building, Ninoy Aquino Ave.
Parañaque City
Tel.# 552-4391


Director II Eva F. Olmedillo
CSC Field Office - DILG
23/F DILG-NAPOLCOM Center Bldg., EDSA cor. Quezon Avenue, Quezon City
Tel.# 929-9622/925-9113
roncr.fo_dilg@csc.gov.ph

Director II Eva F. Olmedillo
CSC Field Office - SSS
10/F SSS Bldg., East Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City
Tel.# 924-7826/920-6401 loc. 5959
roncr.fo_sss@csc.gov.ph

Director II Hans R. Alcantara
CSC Field Office - Quezon City Government
5/F Quezon City Hall, Elliptical Road, Diliman, Quezon City
Tel.# 988-4242 loc. 8506
Fax # 988-4242 loc. 8505
roncr.fo_qcg@csc.gov.ph

Director II Hans R. Alcantara
CSC Field Office - UP
 G/F NEC Bldg., UP Campus, Diliman, Quezon City
Tel.# 981-8500 loc. 3022
roncr.fo_up@csc.gov.ph

Director II Noel V. Salumbides 
CSC Field Office - Caloocan City Government
6/Floor, New Caloocan City Hall, 8th Street, 8th Avenue,
Grace Park,
Tel.# 781-4329
651-7800/743-8301 local 2252
roncr.fo_cal@csc.gov.ph



Director II Noel V. Salumbides

CSC Field Office - DOH
Building 12, San Lazaro Compound, Rizal Avenue, Sta. Cruz, Manila
Tel.# 781-4329
651-7800/743-8301 local 2252
roncr.fo_doh@csc.gov.ph


Director II Cecilia C. Villafuerte
CSC Field Office - DND
Camp Gen. Aguinaldo, Boni Serrano St., Quezon City
Tel.# 982-5673/911-6001 local 8212
982-5600 loc. 5673
roncr.fo_dnd@csc.gov.ph


Director II Fe P. Lacaba

CSC Field Office - DENR
DENR Annex Bldg., Visayas Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City
Tel.# 929-6626 loc. 2079
Fax # 928-6190
roncr.fo_denr@csc.gov.ph

Director II Fe P. Lacaba
CSC Field Office - DA
G/F DA Bldg., Elliptical Road, Diliman, Quezon City
Tel.# 920-1814/928-8741/928-8758
Fax # 637-3451/920-4359
roncr.fo_da@csc.gov.ph

Director II Lucila C. Pagdanganan 
Civil Service Commission-National Capital Region
Field Operations and Strategy Implementation Center (FOSIC)
No. 25 Kaliraya St., Brgy. Doña Josefa, Quezon City 1113
Tel.#740-8412 loc. 209
381-7681
494-3984
cscncr_fosic@yahoo.com.sg

Director II Roderick J. Romualdo 
CSC Field Office - OP
Room 476 Mabini Bldg., Malacañang, Manila
Tel.# 736-1032/735-6201 local 6382/6472
roncr.fo_op@csc.gov.ph

Director II Velda E. Cornelio 
CSC Field Office - PNP
2/F DPRM Annex Bldg., Camp Crame, Quezon City
Tel.# 723-0401 loc. 3662
Fax # 723-0401 loc. 3662, 4431
roncr.fo_pnp@csc.gov.ph

 

Wednesday, August 22, 2018

SYNDICATED ESTAFA CASE _REFERENCE




SECOND DIVISION

RAFAEL H. GALVEZ and KATHERINE L. GUY,
Petitioners,




-versus-




HON. COURT OF APPEALS and ASIA UNITED BANK,
Respondents.

x - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - x

ASIA UNITED BANK,
Petitioner,




-versus-




GILBERT G. GUY, PHILIP LEUNG, KATHERINE L. GUY, RAFAEL H. GALVEZ and EUGENIO H. GALVEZ, JR.,
Respondents.

x - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - x


GILBERT G. GUY, PHILIP LEUNG and EUGENIO H. GALVEZ, JR.,
Petitioners,




-versus-



ASIA UNITED BANK,
Respondent.
G.R. No. 187919

















G.R. No. 187979



















G.R. No. 188030

Present:

CARPIO, J.,
Chairperson,
BRION,
PEREZ,
SERENO, and
REYES, JJ.

Promulgated:

April 25, 2012
x ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------x

D E C I S I O N

PEREZ, J.:

THE FACTS
In 1999, Radio Marine Network (Smartnet) Inc. (RMSI) claiming to do business under the name Smartnet Philippines[1] and/or Smartnet Philippines, Inc. (SPI),[2] applied for an Omnibus Credit Line for various credit facilities with Asia United Bank (AUB). To induce AUB to extend the Omnibus Credit Line, RMSI, through its directors and officers, presented its Articles of Incorporation with its 400-peso million capitalization and its congressional telecom franchise. RMSI was represented by the following officers and directors occupying the following positions:


Gilbert Guy - Exec. V-Pres./Director
Philip Leung - Managing Director
Katherine Guy - Treasurer
Rafael Galvez - Executive Officer
Eugenio Galvez, Jr. - Chief Financial Officer/Comptroller

Satisfied with the credit worthiness of RMSI, AUB granted it a P250 million Omnibus Credit Line, under the name of Smartnet Philippines, RMSIs Division. On 1 February 2000, the credit line was increased to P452 million pesos after a third-party real estate mortgage by Goodland Company, Inc.,[3] an affiliate of Guy Group of Companies, in favor of Smartnet Philippines,[4] was offered to the bank. Simultaneous to the increase of the Omibus Credit Line, RMSI submitted a proof of authority to open the Omnibus Credit Line and peso and dollar accounts in the name of Smartnet Philippines, Inc., which Gilbert Guy, et al. represented as a division of RMSI,[5] as evidenced by the letterhead used in its formal correspondences with the bank and the financial audit made by SGV & Co., an independent accounting firm. Attached to this authority was the Amended Articles of Incorporation of RMSI, doing business under the name of Smartnet Philippines, and the Secretarys Certificate of SPI authorizing its directors, Gilbert Guy and Philip Leung to transact with AUB.[6] Prior to this major transaction, however, and, unknown to AUB, while RMSI was doing business under the name of Smartnet Philippines, and that there was a division under the name Smartnet Philippines, Gilbert Guy, et al. formed a subsidiary corporation, the SPI with a paid-up capital of only P62,500.00.

Believing that SPI is the same as Smartnet Philippines - the division of RMSI - AUB granted to it, among others, Irrevocable Letter of Credit No. 990361 in the total sum of $29,300.00 in favor of Rohde & Schwarz Support Centre Asia Ptd. Ltd., which is the subject of these consolidated petitions. To cover the liability of this Irrevocable Letter of Credit, Gilbert Guy executed Promissory Note No. 010445 in behalf of SPI in favor of AUB. This promissory note was renewed twice, once, in the name of SPI (Promissory Note No. 011686), and last, in the name of Smartnet Philippines under Promissory Note No. 136131, bolstering AUBs belief that RMSIs directors and officers consistently treated this letter of credit, among others, as obligations of RMSI.

When RMSIs obligations remained unpaid, AUB sent letters demanding payments. RMSI denied liability contending that the transaction was incurred solely by SPI, a corporation which belongs to the Guy Group of Companies, but which has a separate and distinct personality from RMSI. RMSI further claimed that while Smartnet Philippines is an RMSI division, SPI, is a subsidiary of RMSI, and hence, is a separate entity.

Aggrieved, AUB filed a case of syndicated estafa under Article 315 (2) (a) of the Revised Penal Code in relation to Section 1 of Presidential Decree (PD) No. 1689 against the interlocking directors of RMSI and SPI, namely, Gilbert G. Guy, Rafael H. Galvez, Philip Leung, Katherine L. Guy, and Eugenio H. Galvez, Jr., before the Office of the City Prosecutor of Pasig City.

AUB alleged that the directors of RMSI deceived it into believing that SPI was a division of RMSI, only to insist on its separate juridical personality later on to escape from its liabilities with AUB. AUB contended that had it not been for the fraudulent scheme employed by Gilbert Guy, et al., AUB would not have parted with its money, which, including the controversy subject of this petition, amounted to hundreds of millions of pesos.
In a Resolution dated 3 April 2006,[7] the Prosecutor found probable cause to indict Gilbert G. Guy, et al. for estafa but dismissed the charge of violation of PD No. 1689 against the same for insufficiency of evidence, thus:

WHEREFORE, it is recommended that respondents be charged for ESTAFA under Article 315, par. 2(a) of the Revised Penal Code, and the attached information be filed with the Regional Trial Court in Pasig City, with a recommended bail of P40,000.00 for each respondent.

It is further recommended that the charge of violation of P.D. 1689 against the said respondents be dismissed for insufficiency of evidence.[8]


Accordingly, an Information dated 3 April 2006[9] was filed against Gilbert Guy, et al. with the Regional Trial Court of Pasig City.
Both parties, i.e., the AUB and Gilbert Guy, et al., filed their respective Petitions for Review with the Department of Justice (DOJ) assailing the 3 April 2006 Resolution of the Office of the City Prosecutor of Pasig City.
In a Resolution dated 15 August 2006,[10] the DOJ reversed the City Prosecutors Resolution and ordered the dismissal of the estafa charges against Gilbert Guy, et al. for insufficiency of evidence.

The AUBs Motion for Reconsideration was denied, constraining it to assail the DOJ Resolution before the Court of Appeals (CA).

The CA partially granted AUBs petition in a Decision dated 27 June 2008, thus:

WHEREFORE, the instant petition is GRANTED, finding probable cause against private respondents for the crime of ESTAFA under Article 315, par 2 (a) of the Revised Penal Code. The assailed Resolution dated August 15, 2006 of the Department of Justice is REVERSED AND SET ASIDE, subject to our ruling that the private respondents are not liable under P.D. 1689. The April 3, 2006 Resolution of Assistant City Prosecutor Paudac is hereby REINSTATED.[11]

Aggrieved, Gilbert Guy, Philip Leung and Eugenio H. Galvez Jr. (in G.R. No. 188030) and separately, Rafael Galvez and Katherine Guy (in G.R. No. 187919) filed the present petitions before this Court assailing the CA Decision which reinstated the City Prosecutors Resolution indicting them of the crime of estafa. The AUB also filed its own petition before us, docketed as G.R. No. 187979, assailing the Court of Appeals Decision for dismissing the charge in relation to Section 1 of PD No. 1689.

Hence, these consolidated petitions.

Gilbert Guy, et al. argue that this case is but a case for collection of sum of money, and, hence, civil in nature and that no fraud or deceit was present at the onset of the transaction which gave rise to this controversy, an element indispensable for estafa to prosper.[12]

AUB, on the other, insists that this controversy is within the scope of PD No. 1689, otherwise known as syndicated estafa. It contends that Guy, et al., induced AUB to grant SPIs letter of credit to AUBs damage and prejudice by misleading AUB into believing that SPI is one and the same entity as Smartnet Philippines which AUB granted an Omnibus Credit Transaction. After receiving and profiting from the proceeds of the aforesaid letter of credit, Gilbert Guy, et al. denied and avoided liability therefrom by declaring that the obligation should have been booked under SPI as RMSI never contracted, nor authorized the same. It is on this premise that AUB accuses Gilbert Guy, et al. to have committed the crime of estafa under Article 315 (2) (a) of the Revised Penal Code in relation to PD No. 1689.

At issue, therefore, is whether or not there is probable cause to prosecute Gilbert Guy, et al. for the crime of syndicated estafa on the basis of fraudulent acts or fraudulent means employed to deceive AUB into releasing the proceeds of Irrevocable Letter of Credit No. 990361 in favor of SPI.

Our Ruling

This controversy could have been just a simple case for collection of sum of money had it not been for the sophisticated fraudulent scheme which Gilbert Guy, et al. employed in inducing AUB to part with its money.
Records show that on 17 February 1995, Radio Marine Network, Inc. (Radio Marine) amended its corporate name to what it stands today Radio Marine Network (Smartnet), Inc. This was a month after organizing its subsidiary corporation the Smartnet Philippines, Inc. with a capital of only P62,500.00.[13] A year earlier, Gilbert Guy, et al., established Smartnet Philippines as a division of Radio Marine under which RMSI operated its business.

It was, however, only on 26 March 1998, when the Securities and Exchange Commission approved the amended corporate name, and only in October 1999 did RMSI register Smartnet Philippines as its business name with the Department of Trade and Industry.[14]

It is in this milieu that RMSI transacted business with AUB under the name Smartnet Philippines and/or SPI.

Article 315 (2) (a) of the Revised Penal Code provides:

Art. 315Swindling (estafa) any person who shall defraud another by any of the means mentioned herein below x x x :

x x x x

2. By means of any of the following false pretenses or fraudulent acts executed prior to or simultaneous with the commission of the fraud:

(a)  By using a fictitious name, or falsely pretending to possess power, influence, qualifications, property, credit, agency, business or imaginary transactions; or by means of other similar deceits. x x x.


The elements of estafa by means of deceit are the following:

a.       That there must be a false pretense, fraudulent act or fraudulent means;
b.      That such false pretense, fraudulent act or fraudulent means must be made or executed prior to or simultaneously with the commission of the fraud;
c.       That the offended party must have relied on the false pretense, fraudulent act, or fraudulent means, that is, he was induced to part with his money or property because of the false pretense, fraudulent act, or fraudulent means;
d.      That as a result thereof, the offended party suffered damage.[15]


First, Gilbert Guy, Philip Leung, Katherine Guy, Rafael Galvez and Eugene Galvez, Jr., interlocking directors of RMSI and SPI, represented to AUB in their transactions that Smartnet Philippines and SPI were one and the same entity. While Eugene Galvez, Jr. was not a director of SPI, he actively dealt with AUB in his capacity as RMSIs Chief Financial Officer/Comptroller by falsely representing that SPI and RMSI were the same entity. Gilbert Guy, Philip Leung, Katherine Guy, Rafael Galvez, and Eugene Galvez, Jr. used the business names Smartnet Philippines, RMSI, and SPI interchangeably and without any distinction. They successfully did this by using the confusing similarity of RMSIs business name, i.e., Smartnet Philippines its division, and, Smartnet Philippines, Inc. the subsidiary corporation. Further, they were able to hide the identity of SPI, by having almost the same directors as that of RMSI. In order to let it appear that SPI is the same as that of Smartnet Philippines, they submitted in their application documents of RMSI, including its Amended Articles of Incorporation,[16] third-party real estate mortgage of Goodland Company[17] in favor of Smartnet Philippines, and audited annual financial statement of SGV & Co.[18] Gilbert Guy, et al. also used RMSI letterhead in their official communications with the bank and the contents of these official communications[19]conclusively pointed to RMSI as the one which transacted with the bank.

These circumstances are all indicia of deceit. Deceit is the false representation of a matter of fact whether by words or conduct, by false or misleading allegations, or by concealment of that which should have been disclosed which deceives or is intended to deceive another so that he shall act upon it to his legal injury.[20]

Second, the intent to deceive AUB was manifest from the start. Gilbert Guy et al. laid down first all the necessary materials they need for this deception before defrauding the bank by first establishing Smartnet Philippines as a division of Radio Marine under which Radio Marine Network Inc. operated its business.[21] Then it organized a subsidiary corporation, the SPI, with a capital of only P62,000.00.[22] Later, it changed the corporate name of Radio Marine Network Inc. into RMSI.[23]
Undoubtedly, deceit here was conceived in relation to Gilbert Guy, et al.s transaction with AUB. There was a plan, documented in corporations papers, that led to the defraudation of the bank. The circumstances of the directors and officers acts in inserting in Radio Marine the name of Smartnet; the creation of its division Smartnet Philippines; and its registration as business name as Smartnet Philippines with the Department of Trade and Industry, together with the incorporation of its subsidiary, the SPI, are indicia of a pre-conceived scheme to create this elaborate fraud, victimizing a banking institution, which perhaps, is the first of a kind in Philippine business.

We emphasize that fraud in its general sense, is deemed to comprise anything calculated to deceive, including all acts, omissions, and concealment involving a breach of legal duty or equitable duty, trust, or confidence justly reposed, resulting in damage to another, or by which an undue and unconscientious advantage is taken of another.[24] It is a generic term embracing all multifarious means which human ingenuity can device and which are resorted to by one individual to secure an advantage over another by false suggestions or by suppression of truth and includes all surprise, trick, cunning, dissembling and any unfair way by which another is cheated.[25]

As early as 1903, in U.S. v. Mendezona,[26] we held that an accused may be convicted for estafa if the deceit of false pretense is committed prior to or simultaneous with fraud and is the efficient cause or primary consideration which induced the offended party to part with his money or property.

Third, AUB would not have granted the Irrevocable Letter of Credit No. 990361, among others, had it known that SPI which had only P62,500.00 paid-up capital and no assets, is a separate entity and not the division or business name of RMSI. Gilbert Guy, et al. however, contends that the transaction subject in this controversy is a letter of credit and not a loan, hence, SPIs capital does not matter.[27] This was also the contention of the DOJ in reversing the Resolution of the City Prosecutors Office of Pasig. The DOJ contended that:

It is also noted that the subject transaction, one of the several series of transactions between complainant AUB and SPI, is not a loan transaction. It is a letter of credit transaction intended to facilitate the importation of goods by SPI. The allegation as to the lack of capitalization of SPI is therefore immaterial and irrelevant since it is a letter of credit transaction. The seller gets paid only if it delivers the documents of title over the goods to the bank which issued the letter of credit, while the buyer/importer acquires title to the goods once it reimburses the issuing bank. The transaction secures the obligation of the buyer/importer to the issuing bank. [28]
It is true that ordinarily, in a letter of credit transaction, the bank merely substitutes its own promise to pay for the promise to pay of one of its customers, who in turn promises to pay the bank the amount of funds mentioned in the letters of credit plus credit or commitments fees mutually agreed upon. Once the issuing bank shall have paid the beneficiary after the latters compliance with the terms of the letter of credit, the issuing bank is entitled to reimbursement for the amount it paid under the letter of credit.[29]

In the present case, however, no reimbursement was made outright, precisely because the letter of credit was secured by a promissory note executed by SPI. The bank would have not agreed to this transaction had it not been deceived by Gilbert Guy, et al. into believing the RMSI and SPI were one and the same entity. Guy and his cohorts acts in (1) securing the letter of credit guaranteed by a promissory note in behalf of SPI; and, (2) their act of representing SPI as RMSIs Division, were indicia of fraudulent acts because they fully well know, even before transacting with the bank, that: (a) SPI was a separate entity from Smartnet Philippines, the RMSIs Division, which has the Omnibus Credit Line; and (b) despite this knowledge, they misrepresented to the bank that SPI is RMSIs division. Had it not for this false representation, AUB would have not granted SPIs letter of credit to be secured with a promissory note because SPI as a corporation has no credit line with AUB and SPI by its own, has no credit standing.
Fourth, it is not in dispute that the bank suffered damage, which, including this controversy, amounted to hundreds of millions of pesos.

It is worth emphasizing that under Section 1, Rule 112 of the Revised Rules on Criminal Procedure, the function of a preliminary investigation is to determine whether there is a sufficient ground to engender a well-grounded belief that a crime x x x has been committed and that the respondent is probably guilty thereof and should be held for trial.[30]

A finding of probable cause needs only to rest on evidence showing that more likely than not, the accused committed the crime.[31]  Preliminary investigation is not the occasion for the full and exhaustive display of the parties' evidence.[32]  It is for the presentation of such evidence only as may engender a well-founded belief that an offense has been committed and that the accused is probably guilty thereof.[33]  The validity and merits of a party's accusation or defense, as well as admissibility of testimonies and evidence, are better ventilated during the trial proper.[34]
We, therefore, sustain the findings of the CA and the City Prosecutors Resolution finding that probable cause exists against Gilbert Guy, et al. for the crime of estafa under Article 315 (2)(a) of the Revised Penal Code and that Gilbert Guy, et al. are probably guilty thereof and should be held for trial. AUBs voluminous documents submitted to this Court overcome this difficulty and established that there is sufficient ground to engender a well-grounded belief that a crime has been committed and that the respondents are probably guilty thereof and should be held for trial.

Lest it be misunderstood, we reiterate that this Courts finding of probable cause is grounded on fraud committed through deceit which surrounded Gilbert Guy, et al. transaction with AUB, thus, violating Article 315 (2) (a) of the Revised Penal Code; it is neither their act of borrowing money and not paying them, nor their denial thereof, but their very act of deceiving AUB in order for the latter to part with its money. As early as the Penal Code of Spain, which was enforced in the Philippines as early as 1887 until it was replaced by the Revised Penal Code in 1932, the act of fraud through false pretenses or similar deceit was already being punished. Article 335 of the Penal Code of Spain punished a person who defrauded another by falsely pretending to possess any power, influence, qualification, property, credit, agency or business, or by means of similar deceit.[35]
Anent the issue as to whether or not Gilbert Guy, et al. should be charged for syndicated estafa in relation to Section 1 of PD No. 1689, which states that:

SEC 1. Any person or persons who shall commit estafa or other forms of swindling as defined in Article 315 and 316 of the Revised Penal Code, as amended, shall be punished by life imprisonment to death if the swindling (estafa) is committed by a syndicate consisting of five or more persons formed with the intention of carrying out the unlawful or illegal act, transaction, enterprise or scheme, and the defraudation results in the misappropriation of moneys contributed by stockholders, or members of rural banks, cooperatives, samahang nayon(s), or farmers associations, or of funds solicited by corporations/ associations from the general public.


We hold that the afore-quoted law applies to the case at bar, for the following reasons:

Under Section 1 of PD No. 1689, the elements of syndicated estafa are: (a) estafa or other forms of swindling as defined in Artilce 315 and 316 of the Revised Penal Code is committed; (b) the estafa or swindling is committed by a syndicate of five or more persons; and (c) defraudation results in the misappropriation of moneys contributed by stockholders, or members of rural banks, cooperatives, samahang nayon[s], or farmers associations or of funds solicited by corporations/associations from the general public.[36]

First, as defined under Section 1 of PD No. 1689, a syndicate consists of five or more persons formed with the intention of carrying out the unlawful or illegal act, transaction, enterprise or scheme. Five (5) accused, namely, Gilbert G. Guy, Rafael H. Galvez, Philip Leung, Katherine L. Guy, and Eugenio H. Galvez, Jr. were, (a) all involved in the formation of the entities used to defraud AUB; and (b) they were the officers and directors, both of RMSI and SPI, whose conformities paved the way for AUB to grant the letter of credit subject of this case, in AUBs honest belief that SPI, as Gilbert Guy, et al. represented, was a mere division of RMSI. As already discussed, although Eugenio Galvez, Jr. was not a director of SPI, he, together with Gilbert Guy and Philip Leung, actively participated in the scheme through their signed correspondences with the bank and their attendance in the meetings with executives of AUB.[37] Rafael Galvez and Katherine Guy, on the other hand, were the directors of RMSI and SPI who caused and authorized Gilbert Guy and Philip Leung to transact with AUB.[38]
Second, while these corporations were established presumably in accordance with law, it cannot be denied that Gilbert G. Guy, Rafael H. Galvez, Philip Leung, Katherine L. Guy, and Eugenio H. Galvez, Jr. used these corporations to carry out the illegal and unlawful act of misrepresenting SPI as a mere division of RMSI, and, despite knowing SPIs separate juridical personality, applied for a letter of credit secured by SPIs promissory note, knowing fully that SPI has no credit line with AUB. The circumstances of the creation of these entities and their dealings with the bank reveal this criminal intent to defraud and to deceive AUB.
Third, the fact that the defraudation of AUB resulted to misappropriation of the money which it solicited from the general public in the form of deposits was substantially established.[39] Section 3.1 of the General Banking Law defines banks as entities engaged in the lending of funds obtained in the form of deposits. The Old General Banking Act (R.A. No. 337) gave a fuller picture of the basic banking function of obtaining funds from the public by way of deposits and the lending of these funds as follows:

Sec 2. Only entities duly authorized by the Monetary Board of the Central Bank may engage in the lending of funds obtained from the public through the receipt of deposits of any kind, and all entities regularly conducting such operations shall be considered as banking institutions, xxxx.
Gilbert Guy et al. want this Court to believe that AUB, being a commercial bank, is beyond the coverage of PD No. 1689. We hold, however, that a bank is a corporation whose fund comes from the general public. P.D. No. 1689 does not distinguish the nature of the corporation. It requires, rather, that the funds of such corporation should come from the general public. This is bolstered by the third whereas clause of the quoted law which states that the same also applies to other corporations/associations operating on funds solicited from the general public. This is precisely the very same scheme that PD No. 1689 contemplates that this species of estafa be checked or at least be minimized by imposing capital punishment involving funds solicited by corporations/associations from the general public because this erodes the confidence of the public in the banking and cooperative system, contravenes public interest and constitutes economic sabotage that threatens the stability of the nation.[40]

Hence, for the stated reasons, we applied the law in People v. Balasa,[41] a non-stock/non-profit corporation the Panata Foundation of the Philippines, Inc. We held that PD No. 1689 also applies to other corporations/associations operating on funds solicited from the general public.

In People v. Romero,[42] we also applied the law to a stock corporation engaged in marketing, the Surigao San Andres Industrial Development Corporation. Likewise, in People v. Menil,[43] we applied the law to another marketing firm known as ABM Appliance and Upholstery.
In these cited cases, the accused used the legitimacy of their entities to perpetrate their unlawful and illegal acts. We see no reason not to apply this law to a banking institution, a corporation imbued with public interest, when a clear reading of the PD 1689 reveals that it is within its coverage.

WHEREFORE, the Decision of the Court of Appeals dated 27 June 2008 in CA-G.R. SP No. 97160 is hereby AFFIRMED with MODIFICATION that Gilbert G. Guy, Rafael H. Galvez, Philip Leung, Katherine L. Guy and Eugenio H. Galvez, Jr. be charged forSYNDICATED ESTAFA under Article 315 (2) (a) of the Revised Penal Code in relation to Section 1 of Presidential Decree No. 1689.

SO ORDERED.




JOSE PORTUGAL PEREZ

Associate Justice


WE CONCUR:





ANTONIO T. CARPIO
Associate Justice
Chairperson




ARTURO D. BRION MARIA LOURDES P. A. SERENO Associate Justice Associate Justice






BIENVENIDO L. REYES
Associate Justice





A T T E S T A T I O N

I attest that the conclusions in the above Decision had been reached in consultation before the case was assigned to the writer of the opinion of the Courts Division.



ANTONIO T. CARPIO
Associate Justice
Chairperson

 
 
 
C E R T I F I C A T I O N


Pursuant to Section 13, Article VIII of the Constitution, it is hereby certified that the conclusions in the above Decision were reached in consultation before the case was assigned to the writer of the opinion of the Court.



RENATO C. CORONA
Chief Justice




[1] Rollo in G.R. No. 188030, p. 111.
[2] In Civil Case No. 68366, RMSI filed a complaint, claiming that it was doing business under the name Smartnet Philippines and Smartnet Philippines, Inc. Id. at 486.
[3] Goodland Co., Inc. v Asia United Bank, G.R. Nos. 195546 and 195561, 14 March 2012.
[4] Rollo in G.R. No. 188030, p. 471.
[5] Id. at 472.
[6] Id.
[7] Rollo in G.R. No. 187919, pp. 137-148.
[8] Idat 148.
[9] Filed before the Regional Trial Court of Pasig City, entitled People of the Philippines v. Gilbert Guy et al., Branch 57, docketed as Criminal Case No. 133010-PSG. Id. at 53
[10] Rollo in G.R. No. 188030, p. 398.
[11] Penned by Associate Justice Vicente Veloso, with Associate Justices Rebecca de Guia-Salvador and Apolinario D. Bruselas, Jr., concurring. Rollo in G.R. No. 187919, pp. 8-41.
[12] Rollo in G.R. No. 188030, p. 16.
[13] Incorporated on 24 January 1995. Rollo in G.R. No. 187919, p. 294.
[14] Rollo in G.R. No. 188030, p. 111.
[15] Montano v. People, 423 Phil. 141, 147-148 (2001).
[16] Rollo in G.R. No. 188030, pp. 458-467.
[17] Id. at 114.
[18] Id. at 494-502.
[19] Id. at. 481, 492-493, 502, 505, 507-512.
[20] People v. Balasa, 356 Phil. 362. 382-383 (1998).
[21] Rollo in G.R. No. 188030, p. 381.
[22] Id. at 89-100.
[23] Id. at 101.
[24] Id. at 382.
[25] Id. citing Alleje v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 107152, 25 January 1995, 240 SCRA 495, 500 citing further Blacks Law Dictionary., 4th Edition., p. 788 (1951).
[26] 2 Phil. 353 (1903).
[27] Rollo in G.R. No. 188030, p. 22.
[28] Resolution of the Department of Justice. Rollo in G.R. No. 188030, p. 201.
[29] Prudential Bank v. IAC, 216 SCRA 257 (1992).
[30] Webb v. Hon. De Leon, 317 Phil. 758. 777 (1995).
[31] Presidential Ad Hoc Fact-Finding Committee on Behest Loans v. Hon. Desierto, 375 Phil. 697 (1999).
[32] Id.
[33] Id.
[34] Id.
[35] Lozano v. Martinez, G.R. No. 63419, 18 December 1986, 146 SCRA 323, 332.
[36] People v. Balasa,supra note 20 at 395-396.
[37] Rollo in G.R. No. 188030, pp. 149-160.
[38] Id. at 115.
[39] Section 95. Definition of Deposit Substitutes. The term deposit substitutes is defined as an alternative form of obtaining funds from the public, other than deposits, xxx.
[40] Preamble of PD No 1689:
WHEREAS, there is an upsurge in the commission of swindling and other forms of frauds in rural banks, cooperatives, "samahang nayon (s)", and farmers' associations or corporations/associations operating on funds solicited from the general public; WHEREAS, such defraudation or misappropriation of funds contributed by stockholders or members of such rural banks, cooperatives, "samahang nayon(s)", or farmers' associations, or of funds solicited by corporations/associations from the general public, erodes the confidence of the public in the banking and cooperative system, contravenes the public interest, and constitutes economic sabotage that threatens the stability of the nation;
WHEREAS, it is imperative that the resurgence of said crimes be checked, or at least minimized, by imposing capital punishment on certain forms of swindling and other frauds involving rural banks, cooperatives, "samahang nayon(s)", farmers' associations or corporations/associations operating on funds solicited from the general public;
[41] Supra note 20.
[42] 365 Phil. 531 (1999).
[43] G.R. Nos. 11504-66, 12 September 2000, 340 SCRA 125.

Syndicated estafa - G.R. No. 187919



G.R. No. 187919

"x  x x.


Anent the issue as to whether or not Gilbert Guy, et al. should be charged for syndicated estafa in relation to Section 1 of PD No. 1689, which states that:

SEC 1. Any person or persons who shall commit estafa or other forms of swindling as defined in Article 315 and 316 of the Revised Penal Code, as amended, shall be punished by life imprisonment to death if the swindling (estafa) is committed by a syndicate consisting of five or more persons formed with the intention of carrying out the unlawful or illegal act, transaction, enterprise or scheme, and the defraudation results in the misappropriation of moneys contributed by stockholders, or members of rural banks, cooperatives, “samahang nayon(s)”, or farmers associations, or of funds solicited by corporations/ associations from the general public.


We hold that the afore-quoted law applies to the case at bar, for the following reasons:

Under Section 1 of PD No. 1689, the elements of syndicated estafa are: (a) estafa or other forms of swindling as defined in Artilce 315 and 316 of the Revised Penal Code is committed; (b) the estafa or swindling is committed by a syndicate of five or more persons; and  (c) defraudation results in the misappropriation of moneys contributed by stockholders, or members of rural banks, cooperatives, “samahang nayon[s],” or farmers associations or of funds solicited by corporations/associations from the general public.[36]

 First, as defined under Section 1 of PD No. 1689, a syndicate “consists of five or more persons formed with the intention of carrying out the unlawful or illegal act, transaction, enterprise or scheme.” Five (5) accused, namely, Gilbert G. Guy, Rafael H. Galvez, Philip Leung, Katherine L. Guy, and Eugenio H. Galvez, Jr. were, (a) all involved in the formation of the entities used to defraud AUB; and (b) they were the officers and directors, both of RMSI and SPI, whose conformities paved the way for AUB to grant the letter of credit subject of this case, in AUB’s honest belief that SPI, as Gilbert Guy, et al.represented, was a mere division of RMSI. As already discussed, although Eugenio Galvez, Jr. was not a director of SPI, he, together with Gilbert Guy and Philip Leung, actively participated in the scheme through their signed correspondences with the bank and their attendance in the meetings with executives of AUB.[37] Rafael Galvez and Katherine Guy, on the other hand, were the directors of RMSI and SPI who caused and authorized Gilbert Guy and Philip Leung to transact with AUB.[38]
   
Second, while these corporations were established presumably in accordance with law, it cannot be denied that Gilbert G. Guy, Rafael H. Galvez, Philip Leung, Katherine L. Guy, and Eugenio H. Galvez, Jr. used these corporations to carry out the illegal and unlawful act of misrepresenting SPI as a mere division of RMSI, and, despite knowing SPI’s separate juridical personality, applied for a letter of credit secured by SPI’s promissory note, knowing fully that SPI has no credit line with AUB. The circumstances of the creation of these entities and their dealings with the bank reveal this criminal intent to defraud and to deceive AUB.  
Third, the fact that the defraudation of AUB resulted to misappropriation of the money which it solicited from the general public in the form of deposits was substantially established.[39] Section 3.1 of the General Banking Law defines banks as “entities engaged in the lending of funds obtained in the form of deposits.” The Old General Banking Act (R.A. No. 337) gave a fuller picture of the basic banking function of obtaining funds from the public by way of deposits and the lending of these funds as follows:

Sec 2. Only entities duly authorized by the Monetary Board of the Central Bank may engage in the lending of funds obtained from the public through the receipt of deposits of any kind, and all entities regularly conducting such operations shall be considered as banking institutions, xxxx.

Gilbert Guy et al. want this Court to believe that AUB, being a commercial bank, is beyond the coverage of PD No. 1689. We hold, however, that a bank is a corporation whose fund comes from the general public. P.D. No. 1689 does not distinguish the nature of the corporation. It requires, rather, that the funds of such corporation should come from the general public.  This is bolstered by the third “whereas clause” of the quoted law which states that the same also applies to other “corporations/associations operating on funds solicited from the general public.” This is precisely the very same scheme that PD No. 1689 contemplates that this species of estafa “be checked or at least be minimized by imposing capital punishment involving funds solicited by corporations/associations from the general public” because “this erodes the confidence of the public in the banking and cooperative system, contravenes public interest and constitutes economic sabotage that threatens the stability of the nation.”[40]    

 Hence, for the stated reasons, we applied the law in People v. Balasa,[41] a non-stock/non-profit corporation – the Panata Foundation of the Philippines, Inc.  We held that PD No. 1689 also applies to other corporations/associations operating on funds solicited from the general public.

In People v. Romero,[42] we also applied the law to a stock corporation engaged in marketing, the Surigao San Andres Industrial Development Corporation.  Likewise, inPeople v. Menil,[43] we applied the law to another marketing firm known as ABM Appliance and Upholstery. 

In these cited cases, the accused used the legitimacy of their entities to perpetrate their unlawful and illegal acts. We see no reason not to apply this law to a banking institution, a corporation imbued with public interest, when a clear reading of the PD 1689 reveals that it is within its coverage.
x x x."


SHELL CIRCUMVENTED RA 7641

SYNDICATED ESTAFA


MY QUEST FOR SWINDLED 

RETIREMENT PAY BY SHELL



SWINDLING ITO, SYNDICATED ESTAFA


HOT PURSUIT
DUTY OF LAW ENFORCEMENT ENTITIES


SHELL SWINDLING OF RETIREMENT PAY 5TH YEAR

1001counts
SEE BELOW FOR THE 1001ST   TIME THE REITERATION OF DEMAND PAYMENT OF RETIREMENT PAY WHICH SHELL REFUSED TO HONOR IN THE PRESENCE AND DEEMED APPROVAL OF THE HONORABLE MAGISTRATES OF THE SUPREME COURT OF THE PHILIPPINES


Dishonest scales are an abomination to the Lord, but a just weight is His delight... Proverbs Chapter 11  v. 1
Retirement Pay Law circumvented by Shell subject to penal provision provided for by Article 288 of the Labor Code of the Philippines.





CONTENTS

.ENTERTAINMENT (4) 10 CCR § 2695.5 (1) 18DEC15 (112) 1A_MEDIA (8) 2014 CHRISTMAS MESSAGE (1) 2015 Miss Universe (1) 2016 SONA (1) 2020 EXCLUSION (1) 4TH OF JULY (1) abante clipping (1) ABOLITION OF THE COURT OF APPEALS (1) ABRAHAM LINCOLN (1) ABS-CBN (5) ABS-CBN NEWS (6) ABSOLUTE PARDON (1) ABU SAYAFF GROUP (2) ABUSE OF JURISDICTION (1) ACADEMIC FREEDOM (1) ACCRA (19) ACE VEDA (2) ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF EMAIL RECEIPT (2) aclu (3) AIRPORT HACKS (1) AIRWAVES (1) AIZA SEGUERRA (1) ALAN PETER CAYETANO (4) ALBAYALDE (8) ALBERTO ROMULO (1) ALDEN AND MAINE (1) Alfred Clayton (55) ALLEGATIONS OF MISCONDUCT (4) ALTERNET (6) ALVAREZ (1) ALVIN CUDIA (2) ALYAS BIKOY (1) AMADO VALDEZ (1) ANARCHY (1) ANDRES BONIFACIO (2) ANGEL LAZARO (1) ANGELO REYES (1) ANNEX 5 (5) ANNUAL REMINDERS (1) ANTHONY TABERNA . GERRY BAJA (2) ANTI GRAFT AND CORRUPT PRACTICES ACT (2) ANTI-TERRORISM ACT OF 2020 (1) ANTONIO (26) AQUACULTURE (1) AQUASCAPING (1) ARNOLD GONZALEZ (1) Arnold Schwarzenegger (5) ARTBOARD (15) ARTEMIO PANGANIBAN (1) atty dodo dulay (3) ATTY THEODORE TE (2) ATTY. AILEEN LOURDES LIZADA (3) ATTY. QUIROZ DISBARMENT (20) AUDIO (1) AUNTIE (1) AUSTRALIA (1) AUTOMATIC REPLY (1) AUTUMN LEAVES (1) AYALA (25) BAD FAITH (12) BALANGIGA (2) BANGSA MORO TRANSITION COMMISSION (1) BAR EXAM (2) BASKETBALL (1) Batangas City (2) BATANGAS PRIDE (3) BATS (1) BAUAN (5) BAUAN CENTRAL SCHOOL (4) BAUAN HIGH (1) BAUAN NEW MARKET SITE WITH GRAND TERMINAL (2) BAYAN KO (5) BAYAN MUNA (1) BAYAN NI JUAN (1) BAYAN USA (1) BBC HARDTALK (1) BBC NEWS (4) BBM (4) BEEP CARD (1) BERNADETTE ELLORIN (1) BERNIE SANDERS (5) BETRAYAL OF PUBLIC TRUST (2) BHS (2) BILL WATTERSON (1) Biodiesel topics (4) BIR (1) Bird (no music) (1) BLACK FRIDAY PROTEST (1) BLOCKED E-MAIL (2) BOMB TRAINS (2) BONFIRE (1) BONGBONG (1) BONSAI (8) BORED PANDA (3) BOYCOTT (2) brain-eating amoeba (1) BREAKING SILENCE (2) Brian Ross (1) BRICKS ON FACES (1) BROKEN BRIDGES (1) BROOKE'S POINT (1) BUREAU OF CORRECTIONS (1) BUSINESS MIRROR (1) CADEM (1) CADET CUDIA (4) CALIDA (2) CANCELLATION OF ADOBE ACCOUNTS (1) CAPITAL (1) CARMEL MOUNTAIN (1) CARPIO DISSENT (2) CASA CORNELIA (2) CASE DURATION (1) casetext (1) CAUSE ORIENTED GROUPS (3) causes (4) CBCP (1) CELESTINO VIVIERO (1) CERES (2) CERTIFICATE OF SEPARATION (2) CHEATING (15) CHESS (4) CHRISTIANITY (1) Christmas (7) Christmas Hilltop (2) CHRONIC MENTAL LAPSES (1) CISP (4) CITO BELTRAN (1) CITY ATTORNEY (8) CIVIL RIGHTS (1) CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION (3) CJ SERENO COMIAL DISPLAY OF IRONY (1) CLAIM FILE (2) CLEOPATRA (1) climate change (6) CNN PARIS TERROR ATTACK (1) COAL (3) CODE OF CONDUCT AND ETHICAL STANDARDS(Republic Act No. 6713) (1) COGNITIVE LAZINESS (1) COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT (1) COMEDY SKITS (4) COMELEC (2) COMMISSION APPOINTMENT (3) COMMONWEALTH ACT NO.3 (1) COMMUTE CHALLENGE (1) COMPLAINT AFFIDAVIT (1) COMPLIANCE COMMITTEE (2) ComPosPaper (29) con ed (26) CONCESSION AGREEMENT (15) CONDONATION DOCTRINE (2) CONED (68) CONFLICTING CONTRARY INFORMATION (3) CONGRESSIONAL HEARING ON ILLEGAL DRUGS (3) CONJUGAL DICTATORSHIP (1) CONNECTIONS.MIC (1) CONSTANT PARTIALITY (1) CONSTITUTION (26) CONSTITUTIONAL DOCTRINE OF CONSTITUTIONAL SUPREMACY (8) CONSTITUTIONAL CONCEPT OF ACCOUNTABILITY (1) CONTINUING VIOLATION DOCTRINE (8) CONTINUOUS TRIAL (1) CONTRACT OF SLAVERY (2) CORDILLERA 'MANSASAKUSA' (1) CORDILLERA 'PANGAT' (1) Corona Trial (5) CORPORATIZATION (1) CORRUPTION IN THE PHILIPPINES (11) COURT OF APPEALS (1) COURT OF TAX APPEALS (1) COVID-19 (3) CRISPIN BELTRAN (1) crude oil train fire (1) CUSTOMS (3) CYANIDE-LACED-SHABU (2) CYBER LIBEL (2) DAGIT AT SALUBONG (1) daily digg (27) Daily Kos (3) DAKOTA ACCESS PIPELINE (24) DALAI LAMA (1) DALAWANG BUAYA (1) DAMS AND EARTQUAKES (1) DANGAN (1) DARNA (1) DAVAO NIGHT MARKET (3) DAVIDE (1) DAVIES LAW GROUP (1) DEATH PENALTY (2) DEED OF SLAVERY (2) DEED OF SLAVERY (1) DELFIN LEE (1) DELIMA (14) DELIMA VS. GUERRERO ORAL ARGUMENTS (1) DEMAND PAYMENT (2) DEMENTIA (1) DENA EAKLES (1) DENMARK (1) DENNIS CAPILI (1) DENNIS DATU (1) DENR (12) DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH (1) DEPARTMENT OF INSURANCE (1) DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (18) DERICK INN (1) DERYK INN (28) DESMOGBLOG.COM (2) DIRECTIVES (1) DISBARMENT (11) DISBARMENT PRIMER (1) discrimination (1) DISHONESTY (1) DJ RICHARD ENRIQUEZ (3) DJRICHARD (1) DOBLADA CASE (1) DOCTRINE OF CONSTITUTIONAL SUPREMACY (37) DOCTRINE OF FINALITY OF JUDGMENT (2) DOCTRINE OF SOVEREIGN IMMUNITY (2) DOG(MASCOT) (1) DOLE (1) dolphines (1) DON MOORE (1) DONALD TRUMP (15) DOS POR DOS (3) DOUBTFUL (2) Dr David Alameel (1) DR. JUAN ESCANDOR (1) Dr. Love...Tribute to Andy Williams (4) DRA.LULU (1) DRILON (2) DRONE SURFING (1) DRUG MATRIX (1) DUAL DYNAMICS OF CORRUPTION (1) DUBAI (1) DUCKS (1) DUE PROCESS (1) DUTERTE (89) DUTERTE COVID 19 (3) duterte impeachment (1) DUTERTE NEWS (4) DUTERTE SONA 2018 (1) DUTERTE SUPREME COURT APPOINTEES (1) DUTY TO INVESTIGATE (1) DYING LAWFUL DISCRETION (2) DZMM (13) DZMM SOUND BITES (2) EARTHQUAKE (3) EAT BULAGA (2) ECONOMIC SABOTAGE (2) EDD (1) EDDIE ATCHLEY (5) EDDIE GARCIA (4) EDGAR JOPSON (1) EDSA 1 (1) EDSA 4 (1) EFREN (25) EL SHADDAI (4) ELECTION (1) ELECTORAL COLLEGE (1) electric car (3) END OF THE AMERICAN DREAM (1) ENDO (2) ENERGY IN CAN (1) ENRILE (6) ENTREPRENEUR (1) ENTRY OF JUDGMENT (1) ENVIRONMENT (7) ERAP (1) ERWIN TULFO (1) ESPINOSA KILLING (1) ESPOSO (1) ESTAFA OR SWINDLING (1) ESTATE TAX (3) ESTELITO MENDOZA (2) EUGENE V. DEBS (1) EXCAVATION DEPTH (1) EXCAVATION FOR A FEE (1) EXHAUSTION OF THE SSS ADMINISTRATIVE REMEDIES (2) EXPLOSION (6) EXPOSE THE TPP (1) F-35 (1) FAILON (1) FAIR CLAIMS SETTLEMENT PRACTICES REGULATION (1) FAKE AMBUSH (1) FAMILY AND FRIENDS (1) FASAP VS. PAL (2) fascinating (1) FATIMA (1) FERNANDO POE JR. (1) FILIPIKNOW (4) FILIPINO SUBJECT (1) FILMS FOR ACTION (2) FIREWORKS (1) FIRST DRAFT (1) FIX THE COURT (3) flaring (4) flash (1) FOIA APPEAL (11) foia executive order by duterte (1) For Hon CJ Sereno (57) FORTUNE TOBACCO CORPORATION (1) fossil fuel (13) Fr. JERRY ORBOS (1) FR. JOAQUIN BERNAS (1) FR..ZACARIAS AGATEP (1) fracking (2) FRANCIS TOLENTINO (1) FREDDIE AGUILAR (1) Frederick Douglass (1) FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION REFERENCES (1) FREEDOM OF SPEECH (1) Friends from Tabangao (7) Frito_Lay (1) G-SPOT (1) GANDHI (1) GarageBand (1) GATES OPEN OR CLOSE (1) GB (3) GCTA (6) GEN. BATO (1) GENERAL BATO (1) GEORGE ORWELL (1) GEORGE SOROS (1) GERALD BANTAG (2) German artist (1) GERRY BAJA (1) GETTYSBURG ADDRESS REFERENCE (1) GEUS (1) GEUS REITERATION OF DEMAND PAYMENT (29) GIANT HULKBUSTER (1) GIANT SKELETONS (1) gifs (1) GILSON ACEVEDA (4) GINA LOPEZ (22) GIVE THANKS (1) GIZMODO (1) GLORIA (7) GMA News Online (1) gmo (3) GMO FREE USA (2) golan (1) Golden Gate views (7) GOP (3) GORDON (5) GOTCHA (1) GOUT (1) GRACE (1) GRACE POE (4) GRAND CONSPIRACY (2) GREAT ESCAPE (1) GREED (1) GREENPEACE (30) GREENPEACE VIDEOS (3) GRETCHEN HO (1) GRIT (1) GUENIOT EMAIL ADDRESS (1) GUIDE Back up (1) GUN VIOLENCE (1) HABITUAL CHEATING (5) HALAMANG GAMOT (6) HAPKIDO (1) Harriet Heywood (2) Harry Roque (25) Hatol (1) HEARSAY (3) HEFTY (1) HERITAGE LAW (1) HEROISM (3) HEYWOOD (1) HIAS (1) HILING NA PANG-UNAWA AT PANALANGIN (1) HITLER (1) HOME SOLAR (1) HONDA_COOPER (2) HOOVERBOARD (1) HORSE KICK (2) HOT PURSUIT (2) HOTLINE 8888 (6) HOTLINE 8888 _NOTICE ON BLOGS (1) HOUSE SOLAR PANELS (1) HUFF_POST BUSINESSS (1) HUFF_POST POLITICS (5) HUKUM BITAY (2) HUKUman (1) HUMAN RIGHTS (3) HUMAN RIGHTS CAMPAIGN (2) HUMAN RIGHTS ON LINE PHILIPPINES (3) HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH (7) humor (5) i am sorry (1) IA_MEDIA (19) IBP (2) IJREVIEW (2) ILLEGAL DRUGS (38) ILLUSTRATION BOARD (1) ILRF (3) IMAGES (3) IMAGES COLLECTION FROM FACEBOOK (16) IMELDA (1) Immigration reform (1) IMMUNITY FROM SUIT (1) impeachment (4) IMPEACHMENTDUE TO DELAY OF DISPOSITION OF CASES (1) IMPULSION (1) IN THESE TIMES (3) INAPPROPRIATE RESPONSE (117) INAUGURAL DUTERTE (2) Inay...Home (3) INC (2) INCRIMINATING SENTENCES (1) INDEPENDENCE DAY (1) InDesign (5) INDISCRETION OF A DYING MAN (3) INDOLENCE (1) INFOWARS (1) INJUSTICE (1) INORDINATE DELAY (1) INQUIRER (13) INQUIRY (58) INSPIRING (59) INSURANCE COMMISSIONER (1) INTELLIGENCE.COM (1) INTERAKSYON (1) International Labor Rights Forum (1) INTERNET FREEDOM (1) IOWA CITIZENS FOR COMMUNITY IMPROVEMENT (1) IOWA CITY (1) ISLAM (1) ITALY (1) IUF (10) JACK LAM (3) JAIME (38) JAMES BWEIN (1) JANELLA SALVADOR (1) JANET LIM NAPOLES (1) JARIUS BONDOC (5) Jawaid Ali (2) JBC INTERVIEW. (6) JBC SHORTLIST (1) Jecjec's First birthday (9) Jecjec's first part (9) Jecjec's second part (9) Jecjec's third part (9) Jeffrey Pfeffer (1) JEFFREY WONG (1) Jehaziel Alburo (1) JENNIFER CHASE (4) JERICHO MARCH (1) JESUS (1) JILL STEIN (2) JIM THE EVANGELICAL PASTOR (2) JIMENO (1) JOEL CANO (8) JOEL CASTRO (12) JOEVER (1) John Donovan (1592) JOHN F. KENNEDY (1) JOHN LUNA (2) John MacMurray (1) JOHNY MAGBOO (1) JON STEWART (1) JOSE ABAD SANTOS (1) Jose Mujica (1) Jose Victoria (5) JOSEPH ESTRADA (1) JSTREET (1) JUDGE DISCIPLINE (1) JUDGE DISMISSAL (2) JUDGE FLORO (6) JUDGE MURO (3) JUDICIAL AND BAR COUNCIL (1) JULIET ALMONTERO ZAIDE (1) Jun Banaag (5) JUN ESPINA (1) JUNE 12 (1) JUSTICE ARTURO BRION (1) JUSTICE B. L. REYES (1) JUSTICE BERSAMIN (32) JUSTICE BRION (2) JUSTICE CARPIO (4) JUSTICE DEL CASTILLO (1) JUSTICE FELLOWSHIP (2) JUSTICE IMAGES (1) JUSTICE LEONEN (8) JUSTICE MARTIRES (20) JUSTICE MARVIN LEONEN (1) JUSTICE PEREZ (1) JUSTICE RUTH BADER GINSBURG (1) JUSTICE VELASCO (1) JUSTICES AS CLOWNS (1) JUSTICES VOTING PREFERENCE ON CORRUPTION (1) JUSTIN TRUDEAU (2) JUVIE PELOS UWAHIG (1) KA LOUIE TABING (2) KA PEPE (1) KAFAGUAY (1) KALIWA DAM PROJECT (2) KAMALA HARRIS (2) KAMPANA O MARTIAL LAW (1) KAREN DAVILA (2) KASPAROV (1) KEROSENE IN THE PHILIPPINES (1) KEYSTONE (1) KEYSTONE progress (1) KEYSTONE XL PIPELINE (5) KICK BIG POLLUTERS OUT (1) KIDNAP FOR RANSOM (1) KOBE BRYANT (1) KOCH BROTHERS (7) KOREAN LANGUAGE (1) KUYA MIKE (1) KUYA'S PRACTICE PROJECT (1) LA LONTOC DECISION (6) LA PROGRESSIVE (261) LABOR (2) LABOR DAY (1) LABOR UNIONS (19) LabourStart (2) LAGMAN VS. MEDIALDEA (1) LAGUNA DE BAY (1) LAPITAN (16) LAPU-LAPU (1) LARRY WINES (1) LATINOS PRO BERNIE SANDERS (1) LAUGHTER (1) LAW (4) LAW PREVAILS OVER IR/AGREEMENT (2) lawsuit vs. shell (2) Layusa (1) LEAGUE OF CITIES IN THE PHILIPPINES (2) LEAGUE OF CITIES OF THE PHILIPPINES (LCP) VS. COMELEC (1) LED ZEPPELIN (1) LENNY ROBREDO (7) LEON LEYNES (1) LEONARDO RAMOS (3) LETTER COMPLAINT (1) LETTY JIMENEZ-MAGSANOC (1) Leyte1897 (1) LIA SAFANOVA (1) LILIOSA HILAO (1) LIP SERVICE (1) LIST OF INFORMATION (4) lito (1) LITTLE THINGS.COM (2) LIU (2) LIVE VIDEO FOOTAGES (1) LIWAYWAY VINSONS-CHATO (1) LIZA MAZA (1) LIZA SOBERANO (1) LOBO MINING (2) Loise Slaughter (1) LOST CM ENVELOPS (3) LOURDES (2) MABILIN (1) MABINI (1) MAGALONG (2) MAGIC KINGDOM (2) MAGIIC (1) MAGUINDANAO MASSACRE (2) MAHAL NA ARAW (1) MAHAWI MAN ANG ULAP (2) MAINE MENDOZA (1) MAMMOGRAMS (1) MANAGEMENT PREROGATIVE (2) MANDAMUS (2) mandela (1) MANEJA (1) MANILA BAY (1) MANILA BAY CLEAN UP (4) MANILA BAY DREDGING (4) MANILA BAY RECLAMATION (14) Manila street view (1) MANILA TIMES (4) MANILA WATER (24) Manny Pacman Pacquiao Para sa yo ang laban nato (1) MARCOLETA LOPEZ (2) MARCOS (84) MARCOS BURIAL ORAL ARGUMENTS (6) Maren's baby shower video (10) Maren's bs p.1 (8) Maren's bs p.2 (7) MARIAN RIVERA-DANTES (1) MARIJUANA (1) MARIO SIBUCAO (4) Mark 12:28-34 (1) MARTIAL LAW (5) MARTIAL LAW ORAL ARGUMENTS (1) MARTIAL LAW IN MINDANAO (1) MARTIAL LAW IN MINDANAO ORAL ARGUMENTS (3) MARY JANE VELOSO (1) MARYJANE VELOSO (1) Maya Angelou (1) MAYNILAD (24) MAYOR SANCHEZ (2) MELANIE JONES (1) MERCENARY (1) MICHAEL BRUNE (1) MIDAS MARQUEZ (2) MIKE ENRIQUEZ (1) MILAN. ITALY (1) Mimi Moore (12) MINDANAO MARTIAL LAW (2) MINING (9) MIRA MESA NEIGHBORHOOD (2) Miranda Cosgrove (1) MISPLACED PRORITIES (1) Miss Philippines Pia Alonzo Wurtzbach (2) MISS UNIVERSE2017 (1) MMDA CHAIRMAN RESIGN (2) MMK (1) MNN WEEKLY (45) MONEY (1) MONEY LAUNDERING (2) MONEYTALK (1) MONSANTO (1) Mosses (49) MOST COMMONLY MISUSED ENGLISH WORDS (1) MOTHER JONES (31) MOTHER NATURE NETWORK (2) MOTHER TERESA (1) Motion for Recon with links (1) motion for reconsideration (5) Mount Vesuvius (1) MoveOn (7) MOVEON.ORG (15) MOYERS & COMPANY (1) MR(NEW) (1) MRFF (1) MRT (1) MTRCB (1) MULTIPLE TRANSGRESSION (1) MUSIC ALBUM ON DISASTER PREPAREDNESS (1) MUTUAL BUSINESS PARTNERSHIP (4) MWSS (1) MY BIRTHDAY CAKE (1) NADINE LUSTRE (1) NALUNDASAN (1) NASA'S JUNO SPACECRAFT (1) NATION (112) NATION OF CHANGE (32) NATIONAL HEROES DAY (1) NATIONAL PARKS (3) NATIONof CHANGE (3) NAZRENO (1) NBC NEWS (1) NBI (1) NCLR (1) NEIL YOUNG (1) NERI COLMINARES (1) NESTOR (1) NET NEUTRALITY (7) NEW FUEL SYSTEM (1) NEW YORK TIMES (6) NEW YORKER (1) NEW ZEALAND (1) NEWS (192) NEWS MIC (1) NEWS+STORIES (1) NEWSLETTERS (1) NEWSWEEK (1) NICOLAS FERNANDO (5) NIGER DELTA (2) NINJA COPS (3) NLRC DECISION (1) NLRC RESOLUTION (1) NO EMAIL SENT (1) NOAH'S ARK (1) NOEL TIJAM (1) NOLI S. ATIENZA (2) NONOY ZUNIGA (1) NORTH KOREA (1) NOT VERIFIED DISBARMENT COMPLAINT (1) NOT1MORE (1) NOTICE ON CHANGE OF EMAIL ADDRESS (1) NRDC (4) NUCLEAR AGE PEACE FOUNDATION (1) NUGGETS (1) NURSES FOR CHANGE (1) NUTRITION ACTION (1) NWF (1) obama (3) Obama Victory Speech (1) OBJECTION ON MATTER SENDING NOTICE (27) OBSTRUCTION OF JUSTICE (1) OCCUPY DEMOCRATS.COM (3) OCCUPY.COM (1) OCEAN CONSERVANCY (5) OCEAN RIVER INSTITUTE (4) OCEANA (1) OFFSHORE WIND FARMS (1) OIL CHANGE INTERNATIONAL (5) OIL DEREGULATION (1) OILANDGASPEOPLE (1) oiled hand (1) OLD DOG TRICK (1) OLIGARCHY (2) Oliveros (1) OMBUDSMAN (2) OMBUDSMAN MORALES (1) on Kabayan (1) ONE MILLION PAGEVIEWS (1) ONE YEAR SUIT (1) OneForPacman (1) ONSEHAN (1) OPEN MEDIA (1) ORAL ARGUMENTS (2) ORDER-OMBUSMAN (1) ORGANIC BYTES (6) other98 (4) OUR CITY (1) OVER IM VIEWS (10) OVERTURN THE SUPREME COURT (1) pachelbel's Canon in D (1) Packet (13) PACQUIAO (2) PADRE PIO (2) PALACE JOKES (1) PALEA (5) palm oil docu (1) PALSA (1) PANDORA'S BOX (2) PANELO (9) PANGILINAN (25) PAO CHIEF ACOSTA (2) papaya (1) parabolc solar collectors (1) PARTIDO NG MANGGAGAWA (5) PARTY TO TITOUAH'S CRIMES (3) PATENT (18) PATHOLOGICAL LIAR (1) PATRIOT DIRECT (1) Pau Gasol (1) PAUL GEORGE (1) PAUL WATSON (5) PAULINE MARIE (1) PCIJ (1) PDAF (1) PENAL CODE 31 (1) PENAL CODE 368 (1) PEOPLE DEMANDING ACTION (2) people power (4) PERJURY (1) PERSUASIVE APPEALS/REMINDERS (917) peru (1) PETA (8) PHILIPPINE AIRLINES (4) PHILIPPINE JUSTICE SYSTEM (2) PHILSTAR HEADLINES (1) PHILSTAR OPINION (2) PHONY PHONICS (1) PHOTO MEDIA SHEET (1) photo petition (1) photoshop (7) PICTURES (1) PINAS TRENDING (1) PINOY TRENDING NEWS (1) PIO CHIEF THEODORE TE (2) PITTSBURG POST GAZZETTE (1) PIZARRO (26) PLANNED OPERATION (1) PLANNED PARENTHOOD (7) PLASTIC TO FUEL (1) plunder (1) PMA (1) PMA HONOR CODE REIGN SUPREME OVER THE CONSTITUTION (22) PNOY (2) POE (1) POGO BLOG (17) POLARIS (2) POLICY BOOKLET (8) POLICY DEFENSE (5) POLICY MIC (9) POLITICO (7) POLITICO MAGAZINE (1) POLITICUS_USA (154) POLITIKO (6) POLY DE CASTRO (1) POPE FRANCIS (22) POPULATION CONNECTION (1) POPULATION EXPLOSION (1) PORK BARREL (1) POSITION UNCHANGED (1) POSTAL BANKING (1) POTASSIUM CYANIDE (2) POWER IN CANS (1) POWER OF POSITIVITY (1) POWER OF WIND (4) PRAY FOR THE WORLD (1) PRAYER VS. DEATH PENALTY (1) Prelude (1) Premiere Pro (3) premierepro (2) PREPONDERANCE (1) PRESUMPTION OF REGULARITY (1) PRINCIPAL AGENT RELATION (1) PRIVATE EQUITY (1) PRO CORRUPTION CONDONATION DOCTRINE (1) PRO LABOR ALLIANCE INC (2) PROCLAMATION NO. 1959 (1) PROCLAMATION NO. 216 (1) PROVOCATIVE ART (1) ps (7) PSR (1) PUBLIC CITIZEN (3) PUBLIC OFFICIALS AND EMPLOYEES DUTIES (1) PUBLIC SERVICE (1) PUNZI PUNZALAN (12) QUERIES (29) QUESTIONS FOR MR. LIU (43) QUESTIONS FOR MR. LIU SUMMARY (1) QUIROZ MISLED THE COURT (6) QUIT COAL (6) QUO WARRANTO PETITION (10) RA 10066 (1) RA 1161 (1) RA 3019 (3) RA 7641 CIRCUMVENTED BY SHELL (11) RA-8282 (1) RACISM (1) RADYO INQUIRER (1) RATTLED PLUMBER (1) RAW STORY (1) READER SAN DIEGO COVER DESIGNING (2) READING EAGLE (1) REASONS FOR DENIAL (2) RED-HERRING (1) REEVES AND ASSOCIATE (1) REFERENCE (1) REFERENCES (77) reggie watts (1) REITERATION SERIES (15) REJECT RPT20 MOVEMENT (5) REJOINDER (26) RELIGIOUS FREEDOM CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS (1) REMINDER SERIES (15) REMORSE AND EMPATHY (1) RENAISSANCE OF THE COURT (1) RENEWABLE ENERGY (23) REP. ALAN GRAYSON (17) REPLY (13) REPRESENT US (2) REPUBLICANS (1) RETROSPECTION (9) REVEAL (1) REWRITING DENIAL LETTERS (1) RHONDA KESTEN (1) RICHARD ENRIQUEZ (1) Rick Kissell (1) RICO BERSAMIN (3) RICO J. PUNO (1) RIGGED RANKING (1) RIGHT TO WORK (2) RING OF FIRE (4) RITCHE CORONEL (1) RIZAL (2) RIZAL BURIAL WISHES (1) RIZAL TRIAL AND EXECUTION (1) ROBERT KENNEDY (1) Robert Naiman (1) ROBERT PLANT (1) ROBERT REICH (102) robin williams (1) robredo (1) RODOLFO ARIZALA (1) Roel Manlangit on Rated Korina (2) ROLANDO TOLENTINO (1) ROMY DELA CRUZ (1) RON DRUYAN (1) ROOSTER NEW YEAR (1) RootsAction (5) RUGBY (1) RUN FOR THE SEALS (1) SA BREAKING NEWS (1) SA KABUKIRAN (1) safety (4) SALN (28) SALON (3) Salvador Escodero III (1) same sex marriage (1) SAMUEL MARTIRES (3) SAN DIEGO FREE PRESS (79) SAN DIEGO FBI (3) San Francisco (13) SAN JOSE MERCURY NEWS (1) San Ramon travel (4) SANDY HOOK (1) SANOFI (1) SARA DUTERTE (1) satire (2) SATUR OCAMPO (1) SAVE THE ARCTIC (5) save the internet (5) SAVING CAPITALISM (2) SCAM (1) SCHOLARSHIP ESSAY (1) science (1) SCOTT PETERS (1) SCP JUSTICES SALN REPORT (2) SCRIBD (1) SEA SHEPHERD (2) SEAL CONSERVANCY OF SAN DIEGO (1) Section 2695.5 (e) (2) (4) SECTION 2695.5(b) (1) SEIU (1) SELF AGGRANDIZEMENT (1) SELF-DEFENSE (1) Sen Santiago (2) SEN. BERNIE SANDERS (363) SENATE (4) SenChiz (12) SenChiz videos (3) separation pay (1) separation pay/retirement pay (1) SEPTEMBER MORN (1) SERENO (23) SERENO _PETITION DOCUMENT 1 A.C.NO. 10084 (12) SERENO DISSENT (3) SERENO_stopworking in silos (1) SERENO_TWEETER ACCOUNT (2) SERVICE OFFER (5) SET OF FOLLOW UP-EMAILS DATED MARCH 15 (5) SETTLEMENT AMOUNT (13) SEX (7) SHABU (19) SHADOW OF DOUBT (1) SHAM AWARDS (1) SHAME (1) SHAMELESS BISHOPS (1) SHEL (1) SHELL (50) SHELL 100TH YEAR (1) SHELL GENERAL BUSINESS PRINCIPLES (1) SHELL HIRING (1) SHELL IPO (2) SHELL IS ABOVE THE LAW (53) SHELL rejoinder (1) SHELL SCAM (5) SHELL SMUGGLING (7) SHELL SWINDLING (1) SHELL VS. BOC (1) ShellPosPaper (22) SHERWIN LUMANGLAS (1) SHOOTING IN OREGON (1) short story (3) Sie and Mia (2) Sierra Club (25) SIERRA RISE (1) SINKHOLE (1) SKETCHES (1) SLEEP MUSIC RELAX (1) SMART CARS BODY KITS (1) SMILE TRAIN (2) SNAKES (1) SOCIAL INJUSTICE (1) SOCIAL JUSTICE (1) SOCIAL SECURITY (1) SOCIAL SECURITY WORKS (9) SOCRATES VILLEGAS (1) SOFT SPOT (1) SOLAR (18) SOLAR BOTTLE STREET LAMPS (1) SOLAR ENERGY (2) SOLAR PANELS (1) SOLAR POWER (2) solar roadways (2) SOLO WHEEL (1) SONA (3) SONA NI PNOY (4) SONG (1) SOP FOR ARTBOARD (1) sopa (1) SOUND (2) SOWING CONFUSION (14) SPECIFIC DOCUMENT (3) SPINELESS ALIBI (1) SPIRIT (1) spiritual (1) SSS (13) STAIRWAY TO HEAVEN (2) STALLONE (1) STAND UP TO ALEC (1) Standing Rock Sioux Tribe v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (1) STATE FARM DENIAL LETTERS (11) STATE FARM FILE UPLOAD REQUEST (4) storm surge (1) StumbleUpon (28) STYROFOAM-EATING WORMS (1) SumOfUs (7) SUNCARGO (1) SUNDAY TV MASS (1) SUNTIMES (1) SUPERMOON (3) SuperPAC (1) SUPREME COURT (7) SUPREME COURT AC 10084 (3) SUPREME COURT DECISIONS (1) SUPREME COURT E-MAIL ADDRESS INQUIRY (52) Susan Graves (1) SWEAR (2) SWINDLING CRIMINAL COMPLAINT (1) SY-JOSE MEDINA (49) SYNDICATED ESTAFA (6) TAAL VOLCANO (4) TAGA BAUAN (1) TAKE MEASUREMENTS (1) TAKEPART (4) TANIM-BALA (1) TASREA VS. SHELL (2) TAURUS (1) TAX FAIRNESS (2) TAX HAVENS (1) TAXATION (2) TAXING CARBON (1) Team Brad (1) TEAM USA (1) TEASER COMPILATION (15) TEASERS 17OCT18 TO 31JAN19 (1) TECHNICALITIES (1) TECHNOLOGY (18) TED FAILON (2) TERESITA (10) TESLA (2) TESLA CHANNEL (1) tessie (1) THANKSGIVING (1) THE ACTION NETWORK (1) The Atlantic (1) THE HILL (4) THE HUMAN SOCIETY (1) THE HUMANE SOCIETY (1) The Institute for Inclusive Security (2) THE MAHARLIKAN (1) THE NATURE CONSERVANCY (5) the ONION (2) THE SCREWERS (1) THE STAMPEDE (1) the stranger (1) THE SUNFLOWER (2) THE TRUST for PUBLIC LAND (1) the VOICE (1) THE WASHINGTON POST (1) THIEFDOM (1) THINK PROGRESS (146) THIRD YEAR CLASS (2) THOMAS PAINE (1) TIA NENA (1) tia nene (5) Tia Nene ...MMK Drama (2) Tia Nene...MMK Drama (1) Tia Nene..MMK Drama (1) TIFFANI WYATT (4) TIGLAO (1) TIM BAYLEN (1) TIME LAPSE (2) TING GOL TOK (1) TOADS (1) TOM HOWARD (2) TOM STEYER (1) tonton (3) TOP 1% (1) TOP GEAR PHILIPPINES (1) TORRE DE MANILA (1) TOURISM (41) TPO (27) TPO EXAM STUDY GUIDE (1) TPP (51) TQ Solis (1) TRANS-PACIFIC PARTNERSHIP (1) TRANSCANADA PIPELINE EXPLOSION (1) TRASLACION 2018 (1) TRIBULATION NOW (1) TRICYCLE (1) TRO (1) TRUTH (1) TTA (1) TTP (2) TUGON (1) TURKEYS (1) TYRANNY (1) U.N. (1) Ua trestel (1) UltraViolet Action (2) UNION OF CONCERNED SCIENTISTS (7) UNIQUE FACTS (1) UNIVERSAL BASIC INCOME (1) UP COLLEGE OF LAW (1) UPDATE REQUEST (1) UPWORTHY (168) URBAN MIGRATION (1) URGENDA (1) US (1) US POLITICS (2) USEFUL TIPS (1) USnews (1) vagina (1) VALVE NOT FULLY OPENED (1) VANDALISM (6) VANDANA SHIVA (1) VATICAN INSIDER (1) Veit Stumpenhausen (1) VELASCO PONENCIA (1) VERBAL STATEMENTS (3) VETERANS DAY (1) VICE GANDA (1) Vidal (1) VIDEOS 1M+ PAGEVIEWS (73) VILLAFUERTE (1) Visit to Tito Nestor (1) Vitangcol (1) VITUG (1) VOICES FOR PUBLIC TRANSIT (1) volcano eruption (2) VOX (3) VP BINAY (2) VPletter (2) wall street (3) WAR ON DRUGS (2) WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY (1) WATCHDOG.NET (4) WATER DAMAGES (2) WATER FOR PEOPLE (1) WATER PURIFIER (2) weighing scale (1) WEST PHILIPPINE SEA (1) WHALE SLAUGHTER (1) WHO IS (2) WHO IS IN CHARGE OVER YOU (1) WIKIPEDIA (1) WILDERNESS WATCH (1) WILFUL IGNORANCE (1) WIND (6) Wind generators (1) WORLD MIC (1) world war II (1) WORLDNEWSDAILYREPORT (1) WRIT OF HABEAS DATA (1) WWTP (339) YAHOO NEWS (1) YNARES-SANTIAGO (1) YOLY ORDONEZ ALCARAZ (4) YU (1) ZAMORA (1) ZFAMOSSES (5) ZMOSSES (417)
; ;